Mai i Belém ki ia rūma: I raro i te Whakatūpato 2.8°C o te COP30, Te Whakateretere i te Whakawhiti ki ngā Tukunga Kore-Kupenga me ngā Taiao Hauora o Roto

I te mea kei te ara whakamahana te ao e tata ana ki te 2.8°C, e karanga ana a COP30 kia tekau tau te roa o te whakatinanatanga. Ko tā mātou hau hou Pūnaha Whakahaurangi ka kawea mai te mahi āhuarangi ki ngā wāhi o roto o ia rā.

Te Rā: 2025-11-18
Tauwāhi: Haina

Ngā Tohu:

• a. COP30
• b. Ngā tukunga kore-kupenga
• c. Ngā Takoha kua Whakatauhia e te Motu (NDC)
• d. Te kounga o te hau o roto
• e. Pūnaha whakapūhau hau hou
• f. Kakariki me te waro-iti

Whakarāpopototanga o te tuhinga

I te COP30 i Belém, Brazil, kei te whai wāhi te Kotahitanga o ngā Whenua o te Ao me ngā kāwanatanga ā-motu ki ngā whiriwhiringa nui mō te pupuri i te mahana o te ao i roto i te 1.5°C. Ko ngā Takoha ā-Motu (NDC) o nāianei e tohu ana ki te ara whakamahana 2.5–2.8°C, e akiaki ana i ngā rāngai katoa ki te whakateretere i te nekehanga ki te kore-tukunga me te ōhanga pakari ake.

Hei kamupene hangarau matomato, kei te hurihia e mātou ngā whāinga nui mō te āhuarangi hei whakaiti i ngā tukunga me ngā painga hauora tūturu i roto i ngā kāinga me ngā whare mā roto i tā mātou pūnaha hauhautanga hau hou e whai hua ana ki te pūngao, e whakahaeretia ana me te atamai, e whai wāhi ana ki ngā mahi o te ao tūturu ki tēnei COP "e aro ana ki te whakatinanatanga".

COP30 i roto i te Horopaki

I te marama o Whiringa-ā-rangi, i huihui ngā māngai mai i te tata ki te 200 whenua, me ngā kaipūtaiao me ngā kaiārahi o te rāngai tūmataiti, ki Belém, te tāone tomokanga ki te ngahere ua Amazon i Brazil, mō te Huihuinga 30 o ngā Rōpū ki te Anga Whakakotahi o ngā Whenua o te Ao mō te Huringa Āhuarangi (COP30).

He mārama te whāinga o tēnei hui, e kiia ana he "COP e arotahi ana ki te whakatinanatanga":

• a. Hurihia te ūnga 1.5°C hei mahi o te ao tūturu
• b. Arotahi ki te tekau tau tino nui o ngā tau 2020
• c. Neke atu i ngā pepeha anake, engari me whakatinana me te tuku i ngā mea e taea te ine

I raro i te "tikanga ratchet" o te Whakaaetanga o Parī, me whakapakari tonu ngā whenua i ā rātou NDC me te whakakaha tonu i ā rātou ara tukunga. Heoi, e whakaatu ana ngā aromatawai maha:

• Ahakoa kua tutuki katoa ngā kupu taurangi o nāianei, kei te anga tonu te ao ki te mahana haere o te 2.5–2.8°C.
• b. He nui ake tēnei i te paepae haumaru ake o te 1.5°C i tautuhia e te hapori pūtaiao.
• c. Kei tawhiti tonu tātou i te karo i ngā ngaru wera nui ake, ngā waipuke me te pikinga o te taumata moana.

Ngā Kaupapa Matua e Toru o te COP30

1. a. Ngā NDC nui ake te hiranga: Te akiaki i ngā whenua ki te tuku i ngā NDC hou e hangai ake ana ki te whāinga 1.5°C.
2. b. Te pūtea āhuarangi kua whakanuia: Te whakarato i te iti rawa USD 1.3 trillion ia tau i roto i te pūtea mō te āhuarangi, inā koa mō te whakaiti i ngā āhuatanga kino me te urutau i roto i ngā whenua whakawhanake.
3. c. Whakawhiti noa: Te whakamutua haere i ngā hinu pūngoi me te tiaki i ngā mahi me te ōritetanga hapori, kia tino arotahi ai ngā mahi āhuarangi ki te tangata.

Mai i ngā Whāinga Whakamahana Ao ki ngā Whare me te Hau o ia Rā

Ehara i te mea ko ngā panonitanga taumata-rahi anake i roto i ngā pūnaha pūngao te whakawhiti ki te kore-tukunga kupenga. Ka uru atu hoki ki:

• a. Ngā whare katoa
• b. Ngā hapori katoa
• c. Ia rūma

Kei roto i tēnei ko te "hau ngaro" e warewarehia ana e tātou. Tata ki te 40% o ngā tukunga CO₂ o te ao e ahu mai ana i ngā whare me ā rātou mahi, ā, ko tētahi wāhanga nui o ēnei e ahu mai ana i ngā pūnaha whakamahana, whakamatao me te hauhautanga.

Ki te taea e tātou, i taua wā anō:

• a. Whakaitihia te whakapaunga pūngao mā roto i ngā pūnaha hau hou e whai hua ake ana
• b. Whakapai ake i te kounga o te hau o roto mā te whakahaere atamai ake

kātahi ka taea e tātou te heu marie i taua wāhanga tāpiri o te tohu i roto i ō tātou kāinga me ngā wāhi mahi o ia rā, ka huri i ngā whāinga āhuarangi hei huringa kitea o ia rā.

Tā Mātou Pūnaha Whakapūnga Hau HouTe Hononga o te COP30 ki te Oranga o Roto

Mai anō i te tīmatanga, kua whaia e tā mātou hoahoa hua tētahi whāinga rua, arā, "kore-kupenga + hauora":

• a. Taha kore-kupenga: te whakamahi i ngā motuka hurihuri DC tino whai hua me Whakaora Wera hangarau hei whakaiti i te whakamahinga pūngao i te wā e whakapūhau ana, me te whakaiti i te tapuwae waro o te pūnaha, me te pupuri tonu i te nui o te hau hou.
• b. Te taha hauora: te whakamahi i ngā pūoko maha hei aroturuki i te CO₂ o roto, te PM2.5 me ngā pūhui waro mimiti (VOC) i te wā tūturu, me te whakarerekē hihiri i te tuku hau kia noho te hau o roto i roto i te awhe whakamarie, hauora hoki.

Te Whakahaunga i runga i te Tono

I ngā mahi o te ao tūturu, ka taea e tā mātou pūnaha whakapūhau hau hou te whakarerekē i te rere o te hau i runga i te maha o ngā kainoho me te kounga o te hau o roto:

• a. I roto i ngā rūma hui, i ngā akomanga pukumahi, i ngā tari tuwhera rānei, ina piki ake ngā taumata CO₂, PM2.5 rānei, ka whakanuia aunoatia e te pūnaha te tere o te hauhautanga hei "horoi" wawe i te hau poke o roto.
• b. Ina heke te tokomaha o ngā tāngata e noho ana i te whare, i te pō rānei, ka whakaitihia tōna mana whakahaere kia kore ai e pau te pūngao.

Ehara i te mea ka tutuki noa i tēnei kaupapa "hauora i runga i te tono" ngā whakaritenga penapena pūngao me te whakaiti tukunga, engari ka whakarei ake hoki i te wheako kaiwhakamahi whānui.

He Whakawhitinga Kore-Kupenga e Arotahi ana ki te Tangata, me te Manawanui

He mea nui kia whakanuia ko te nekehanga ki te kore tukunga kupenga me te ōhanga pakari kei te piki haere te mōhiotia hei huringa tino arotahi ki te tangata.

Ehara i te mea mō ngā kaupapa pūngao me ngā kaupapa ahumahi nui anake, engari mō ngā wheako manawa o te iwi noa anō hoki:

• a. I te kāinga
• b. I roto i ngā tari
• c. I roto i ngā kura
• d. I roto i ngā hōhipera

Mā te otinga hau o roto he iti-waro, he atamai ake, he hauora ake hoki, ka tukuna e tā mātou pūnaha whakapūmau hau hou he tomokanga tūturu, he wāhi kitea hoki ki tēnei whakawhiti e aro ana ki te tangata me te aorangi.I ia wā whakakā, ā, ka whakawhitihia e ia hau mahihe whakapau kaha ki te hauora whaiaro me te takoha iti ki te ao whānui Whāinga 1.5°C.

Te Tirohanga ki Tua atu i te COP30: Mai i te 2.8°C ki te 1.5°C

Ki te titiro whakamua ki tua atu i te COP30 ki te tekau tau e whai ake nei, ka kore te reo tōrangapū e whakamahia e ngā kaupapa hangarau, te auahatanga hangarau me ngā kōwhiringa a ngā kaihoko.

Ahakoa he NDC ā-motu, he mahere ara kore-kore rānei a ngā kamupene, me whakatinana ēnei wawata katoa mā te whakaputanga o te tini me te mano:

• a. Ngā pūnaha pūngao
• b. Ngā tukanga ahumahi
• c. Ngā wāhi hanga whare

E whakapono ana mātou ka nui haere te hiranga o ngā taputapu matomato, atamai e tohuhia ana e tā mātou pūnaha whakapūhau hau hou, i roto i te kaupapa o te ao ki te neke mai i te 2.8°C ki te 1.5°C.

Mai i Belém ki ngā tāone nui o te ao, mai i ngā whare hui ki ia rūma, kei te huri te mahi āhuarangi hei mea ka taea e tātou:

• a. Tirohia
• b. Pā
• c. Ā, manawahia he hau hou, he hau ma

Tā Mātou Pūnaha Whakahaunga Hau Matomato o te Reanga e Whai Ake Nei

• a. Me whakaiti i te waro o ia manawa, me te whakapai ake i te hauora
• b. Whakauruhia te whāinga 1.5°C ki te oranga o ia rā
• c. Whakamataohia te ao, tīmata mai i te rūma kotahi

Ngā Āhuatanga Matua

• a. Te whai huatanga o te pūngao: He motuka hurihuri DC me ngā waeine whakaora wera tino whai hua te pūnaha, ā, ka tukuna e ia he hau hou e ranea ana, me te whakaiti i te whakapaunga hiko, ka āwhina i ngā kaiwhakamahi ki te whakaiti i te whakamahinga hiko me ngā tukunga waro.
• b. Te whakahaere hau atamai: Ka aroturukihia e te huinga pūoko maha-roto ngā tohu matua pēnei i te CO₂, PM2.5 me ngā VOC i te wā tūturu, ā, ka whakarerekē aunoa i ngā aratau rere o te hau me te hauhautanga i runga i te kounga o te hau o roto.
• c. Hauora me te whakamarie: Mā te hoahoa rere hau kua arotauhia me te tātari maha-wāhanga ka tangohia ngā matūriki me ngā hau kino, ka whakaitihia te mōrearea o te parahanga hau o roto, ka whakapai ake hoki i te whakamarie o te manawa.
• d. Te kitea o ngā raraunga: Ka whakaatuhia e ngā papaaho pūkoro hoa me ngā papaaho mata nui te kounga o te hau o roto, te whakamahinga pūngao whakahaere me te whakatau tata i ngā whakahekenga tukunga, e whakarato ana i te tautoko tauanga mō te whakaaturanga ESG a te kamupene me ngā momo noho matomato i te kāinga.
• e. Whakaurunga pūnaha: Ka taea te whakauru i te pūnaha ki ngā Pūnaha Aunoatanga Hanga (BAS) me ngā tūāpapa kāinga atamai hei whakatutuki i te whakahaere tahi o te rama, te hauhautanga me te hauhautanga, kia nui ake ai te kaha mō te whakaiti i te waro o te whare katoa.

Te whakataurite ki te COP30

• a. I roto i te horopaki o tētahi COP e arotahi ana ki te whakatinanatanga, e whakamaori ana i ngā whāinga āhuarangi ā-motu me te taumata tāone nui hei mahi i te taumata whare me te taumata whare.
• Te whakaiti i te whakamahinga pūngao mō ngā mahi hanga whare, me te whakarato tautoko hangarau mō ngā NDC nui ake te hiranga.
• b. Mai i te tirohanga a te tangata, ka hurihia te whakawhiti kore-kore me te pakari ki roto i ngā taiao hau hauora ake mō ngā kaimahi, ngā ākonga, ngā tūroro me ngā whānau.

Ngā Pātai me ngā Whakautu

1. He aha te COP30?

Ko te COP30 te Huihuinga 30 o ngā Rōpū ki te United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Ka tū ki Belém, he tāone i te raki o Brazil, mai i te 10–21 o Noema 2025.

Ka huihui ngā kāwanatanga, ngā kaipūtaiao, ngā pakihi me ngā māngai o te hapori ki reira ki te:

• a. Aromatawai i te ahunga whakamua i raro i te Whakaaetanga o Parī
• b. Matapakihia me pēhea te whakapakari i ngā Takoha kua Whakatauhia e te Motu (NDC)
• c. Whakatauhia te mahi tahi pūtea me te hangarau e hiahiatia ana hei pupuri i te mahana o te ao i roto i te 1.5°C

2. He aha te hiranga o te COP30?

He mea nui te COP30 mō ētahi take:

• a. Te wā tino nui: Ka hangaia e te rauna o nāianei o ngā NDC ngā tukunga o te ao i waenga i te b.2030 me 2035, te matapihi whakatau hei pupuri i te "aukati" 1.5°C kia tata atu.
• c. Te āputa o te wawata: Ko ngā kupu taurangi o nāianei e tohu ana ki te mahana haere o te pāmahana i waenganui i te 2.5–2.8°C, he mea kāore anō kia rawaka.
• e. Te arotahi ki te whakatinanatanga: Me tuku e te COP30 he nui atu i ngā kōrero taumata-tiketike anake; me whakaputa hoki he mahere whakatinanatanga pūmau mō:
  • 1. Te whakahekenga kaha ake o ngā tukunga
  • 2. He tere ake te whakawhiti atu i ngā hinu pūmua
  • 3. Pūtea whakanuia mō ngā mate me ngā kino
• f. Whakawhiti noa: E titiro ana te ao ki te COP30 hei whakatairanga i tētahi whakawhiti tika, hei whakataurite i:
  • 1. Te tiaki i te ngahere ua o Amazon
  • 2. Tautoko mō ngā whenua whakawhanake
  • 3. Ngā oranga o ngā kaimahi noa

Mō ngā kamupene, he wā nui hoki te COP30 ki te arotake i ā rātou ake huarahi kore-kore, me te whakaatu i ngā auahatanga hangarau matomato.

3. Ka taea te pupuri i te mahana o te ao i roto i te 1.5°C?

Mai i te tirohanga pūtaiao, he tino uaua te pupuri i te mahana o te ao i roto i te 1.5°C anake, i te mea kei te tere pau te tahua waro e toe ana.

E ai ki ngā kaupapa here o nāianei, ko te pāmahana o tēnei rautau ka tata ki te 2.5–2.8°C. Heoi anō:

• E whakaatu ana ētahi aromatawai whai mana mēnā ka tere ake te whakaiti i ngā tukunga i mua i te tau 2030, ā, ka tapahia hoki ngā tukunga o te ao mā te tata ki 60% i te tau 2035.Kei te tūpono tonu te whakahoki mai i te mahana ki raro ki te taha 1.5°C i te haurua tuarua o te rautau.

I tēnei tikanga, me titiro ki te 1.5°C ehara i te mea he paepae noa iho mō te whiti/te hinga, engari me titiro ki te rārangi haumaru me whai tātou kia tata tonu ki reira.

Ko te tikanga hoki tēnei me kaha ake te mahi a ngā rāngai katoa—te pūngao, te ahumahi, ngā whare me te kai. Mai i te whakatinanatanga o te pūngao whakahou nui ki ngā hua penapena pūngao pēnei i tā tātou pūnaha whakapūngao hau hou, he mea nui ēnei mahi katoa ki tēnei ara uaua engari he mea nui te pāmahana 1.5°C.